Rarely. If there's City money involved, or if the developer is adding streets, sidewalks, utilities, etc. that will at some point be transferred to the City then a bond and development agreement is required, but other than that, never.
We do require a deposit for work in the right of way (tearing up streets and/or sidewalks for water/sewer line replacement, mostly) that we return upon completion as long as Public Works is happy with the work, but that's not really a bond.
In case it makes a difference in what you're looking for with the answers - our building dept. is combined with planning, zoning, and code enforcement (and some other things nobody else wants to do....).