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Section 2702.2 (2015 IBC) identifies broad requirements where emergency and standby power is required and references other sections where more specific requirements are provided.
For example, if an electric fire pump is for a high-rise building, then the fire pump must be on emergency power (Section 403.4.8.4; 2015 IBC). For underground buildings, electric fire pumps are required to be on standby power (Section 405.8.1, 2015 IBC).
Otherwise, electric fire pumps are connected to the building's power.
Per NFPA 20, Section 9.2.2, there are several means:
1) Dedicated service connection
2) On-site power production (i.e., generator)
3) Dedicated feeder connection (must be ahead of the building disconnect switch)
4) Dedicated transformer connection from building service